化学工程

管壳式换热器作为化工与能源动力领域的核心装备，在现代工业生产中发挥着重要作用。针对传统换热器因整流结构设计固化，导致壳程流场畸变、局部偏流及大面积流动死区的工程难题，开展整流结构受限寻优研究。突破传统单因素试错法的局限性，基于计算CFD（流体力学），融合Face-Centered CCD（面心立方中心复合设计）与MINLP（混合整数非线性规划）构建协同寻优策略，建立了决定系数为0.9848的RSM（二阶响应面）代理模型。同时完善算法底层架构，引入防干涉红线作为动态数学约束，结合序列SLSQP（二次规划）与离散变量遍历算法进行精确寻优。在最优定稿结构下，壳程截面速度均匀度指数显著提升，同时流速梯度与滞留死区得到有效消除，为同类流体装备的精细化设计提供了可靠的算法支撑。

Conventional shell-and-tube heat exchangers suffer from inherent drawbacks including distorted shell-side flow fields， flow maldistribution， and extensive stagnant flow zones due to the fixed design of flow rectification structures. To overcome the limitations of traditional single-factor trial-and-error methods and unbounded extrapolation optimization， this paper innovatively proposes a collaborative optimization strategy integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)， Face-Centered Central Composite Design (Face-Centered CCD)， and Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP).Taking the diversion hole diameter D， straight edge length L and hole number N as decision variables， and the area-weighted velocity uniformity index γ_v as the objective function， a high-precision second-order response surface surrogate model with a coefficient of determination R²=0.9848 is established. The flow field anti-interference threshold is originally converted into a dynamic mathematical constraint matrix. Sequential Least Squares Programming (SLSQP) combined with a discrete variable traversal algorithm is adopted to achieve global accurate optimization under stringent physical boundaries.The results reveal that under the finalized optimal engineering parameters N=6， D=101mm， L=56mm， the shell-side cross-sectional velocity uniformity index increases from 0.8131 to 0.8268. The velocity gradient and stagnant dead zones are substantially eliminated. The findings provide solid theoretical foundations and algorithmic support for the refined design of similar fluid equipment.